Fire Protection Engineering

Faculty

A. Simeoni, Professor and Department Head, Ph.D., University of Corsica; modeling, simulation and experiments of wildfires, heat and mass transfer, fire fighting and land management.
N. A. Dembsey, Professor; Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley; Fire properties of materials and protective clothing via bench-top scale experimentation; compartment fire dynamics via residential scale experimentation, evaluation, development and validation of compartment fire models, performance fire codes, engineering design tools, and engineering forensic tools.
K. A. Notarianni, Associate Professor; Ph.D., Carnegie Mellon University; Fire detection and suppression; high-bay fire protection; fire policy and risk; uncertainty; performance-based design; engineering tools for the fire service.
M. T. Puchovsky, Professor of Practice, Associate Department Head, Industry Liaison; design and analysis of fire protection systems, application of regulatory codes and standards, automatic sprinkler systems, fire pumps, water supplies, water and chemical-based suppression, detection and alarm, smoke control, means of egress, building construction, standardized product testing, performance-based design, litigation support.
A. Rangwala, Professor, Ph.D., University of California, San Diego; combustion, flame spread on solid fuels and compartment fire modeling, dust explosions, risk assessment of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) transport and storage, industrial fire protection.
J. L. Urban, Assistant Professor; Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley; Ignition, combustion, flame spread over solid fuels, wildland fire, thermal sciences, computational modelling of fundamental fire phenomena, hazards of hot-work and welding, flame imaging and flow visualization.

Associated Faculty

L. Albano, Associate Professor; Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Performance of structural members, elements, and systems at elevated temperatures; structural design for fire conditions; simplified or design office techniques for fire-structure interaction; relationship between building construction systems and fire service safety.  
J. Liang, Professor, Ph.D., Brown University, 2004. Nanostruc­tured materials, material processing, material characterization.

Adjunct Faculty

C. Wood
R. Solomon

Emeritus Faculty

R. W. Fitzgerald, Professor Emeritus
D. A. Lucht, Director Emeritus
R. Zalosh; Professor Emeritus

Research Interests

WPI is a recognized world leader in a wide range of topics in fire protection engineering and related areas. Research is directed toward both theoretical understandings and the development of practical engineering methods. WPI faculty and their students create new knowledge that informs and shapes regulatory policy, building design, product manufacturing, and product performance standards.

Specific research interests:

  • Fire and materials
  • Combustion and explosion protection
  • Computational fire modeling
  • Fire detection and suppression
  • Fire and smoke dynamics
  • Wildland and wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires
  • Regulatory policy, risk, and engineering framework
  • Firefighter safety and policy

Programs of Study

The fire protection engineering graduate program at WPI adapts previous educational and employment experiences into a cohesive Plan of Study. Consequently, the program is designed to be flexible enough to meet specific and varying student educational objectives. Students can select combinations of courses, thesis and project topics that will prepare them to proceed in the career directions they desire. The curriculum can be tailored to enhance knowledge and skill in the general practice of fire protection engineering, in fire protection engineering specialties (such as industrial, chemical, energy, design, or testing), or in the more theoretical and research-oriented sphere.

Graduate Programs

The Fire Protection Engineering Department at WPI offers several graduate programs of study:

The admissions requirements can be found in the description for each degree or certificate program.

Online-programs of study & part-time students

The Graduate Certificate and non-thesis master of science degree track may be taken either entirely online or on-campus.

Practicing engineers or others already ­employed and wishing to advance their technical skills may enter the master of science or graduate certificate programs as part-time students or take off-campus courses.

Follow the link to learn more about WPI's online graduate programs.

Graduate Theses

Master’s and PhD Theses require research to be performed on-campus.

Graduate Internships

A unique internship program is available to fire protection engineering students, allowing them to gain important clinical experiences in practical engineering and research environments. Students are able to earn income while maintaining their student status. Internships are generally full time for one year and provide the student a chance to try out various areas of practice, generate income, gain knowledge and experience, and make valuable lifetime contacts. No Graduate Credit is earned during an internship. A minimum of 9 graduate credits in FPE must be earned prior to participation in an internship. All Internships must be related to FPE.

Explosion Protection Engineering (XPE)

Admission Requirements

Students will be eligible for admission to the program if they have earned an undergraduate degree in Fire Protection Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Mechanical Engineering or a related field from an accredited university consistent with the WPI graduate catalog. Students with a degree in Physics and Mathematics are also eligible. Admission will also be open to qualified WPI students who opt for a five-year Bachelors-Master’s program, with the undergraduate major in above or related fields. Admission decisions will be made by the XPE Graduate Program Committee based on all of the factors presented in the application. Students applying to the M.S. Degree in XPE are expected to have a bachelor's degree in related areas in Engineering or Science. A strong applicant who is missing background coursework as needed for course requirements may be admitted, with the expectation that he or she will take and pass one or more undergraduate courses in this area of deficiency either during the summer prior to admission or within the first semester after admission. These remedial courses will not count towards meeting the M.S. degree requirements. The determination of what course or courses will satisfy this provision will be made by the XPE Faculty Advisory Committee, which consists of faculty members from the participating departments at WPI. No GRE scores are needed. An English language test may be required for international students. See international student admission requirements for more information

Transfer Credit

A student may petition for permission to use graduate courses taken at other institutions to satisfy XPE graduate degree requirements. A maximum of 9 graduate credits, with a grade of B or better, may be satisfied by courses taken elsewhere and not used to satisfy degree requirements at other institutions. Petitions are subject to approval by the XPE Graduate Committee, and are then filed with the Registrar. Transfer credit will not be allowed for undergraduate-level courses taken at other institutions. In general, transfer credit will not be allowed for any WPI undergraduate courses used to fulfill undergraduate degree requirements; however, note that there are exceptions in the case of students enrolled in the BS/MS program. No class can be triple counted. A student with one or more WPI master’s degrees who is seeking an XPE master’s degree from WPI may petition to apply up to 9 prior credits toward satisfying requirements for the subsequent degree. Petitions are subject to approval by the XPE Graduate Committee. Students who take graduate courses at WPI prior to formal admission to the XPE graduate program may petition to apply up to 9 graduate credits to fulfill the XPE graduate degree requirements. Once again, petitions are subject to approval by the XPE Graduate Committee

Sample Plans of Study

4 semester option (Thesis)

Semester 1 Semester 2 Summer Semester 4 Semester 5
Combustion (FP 580) Quantitative Risk Analysis (FP 582) Failure Analysis (FP 572) Explosion Protection (FP 575) Intro to CFD (ME 5108) Or Fire Modeling (FP 520)
Explosion Dynamics (FP 585)  Directed Research   Directed Research Directed Research
  Fluid Dynamics (ME 514) Or T Phenomena (CHE 571) Or AE 5132: Compressible Fluid Dynamics (2 credits)      
6 credits 9 credits  3 credits 6 credits

6 credits

 

3 semester option (Non Thesis)

Semester 1 Semester 2 Summer Semester 3
Combustion (FP 580) Explosion Protection (FP 575) Failure Analysis (FP 572) Intro to CFD (ME 5108) or Fire Modeling (FP 520)
Explosion Dynamics (FP 585) Quantitative Risk Analysis (FP 582) Forensic Technique (FP 580) Elective Course
Elective Course Fluid Dynamics (ME 514) or T Phenomena (CHE 571)    
9 credits  9 credits  6 credits  6 credits

4 semester option (Non Thesis)

Semester 1  Semester 2 Summer  Semester 3 Semester 4 Summer
Combustion (FP 580) Quantitative Risk Analysis (FP 582) Failure Analysis (FP 572) Explosion Dynamics (FP 585) Explosion Protection (FP 575)  Forensic Techniques (FP 580)
Explosion Dynamics (FP 585) Fluid Dynamics (ME 514) Or T Phenomena (CHE 571)   Elective Course Intro to CFD (ME 5108) or Fire Modeling (FP 520)  
6 credits  6 credits  3 credits  6 credits  6 credits 3 credits

Faculty

This is a joint program administered by the Fire Protection Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Chemical Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering comprising faculty members who are interested in Explosion Protection graduate education and research and who hold advanced degrees. The three programs will share director and associate directors, with the FPE department being the host department for the program.

Research Laboratories

UL Fire Protection Engineering Performance Lab at Gateway Park

The UL Fire Protection Engineering Performance Lab consists of a 190-square-meter floor space with a 9.2-meter-high ceiling, enabling researchers to construct and experiment on test specimens up to two stories tall. The laboratory features a 6-meter by 6-meter exhaust hood located 6 meters above the lab floor. This space is ideal for testing open burning fires (e.g., liquid fuel pan fires), medium-scale compartment fires, exterior façade fires, and more. It can also be used to replicate certain external exposure fire conditions (e.g., structure exposure in wildland-urban interface fires). The laboratory can support data acquisition through devices such as heat flux gauges and thermocouples.

The Performance Lab serves as both a teaching and research facility. The lab is used for course lab demonstrations, undergraduate Major Qualifying Projects (MQPs), graduate theses, and sponsored research projects.

Honeywell Fire Protection Engineering Fundamentals Lab at Gateway Park

The Honeywell Fire Protection Engineering Fundamentals Lab contains two cone calorimeters (iCone classic and a customizable cone calorimeter for research), a FM Global Fire Propagation Apparatus, a Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter, fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, and an Intelligent Laser Applications GmbH 75-megawatt fixed optical path length fp50-shift LDA system supported by an automatic traversing system, which can be used to make accurate velocity measurements. The lab also contains ovens, various tools, and hooded bench space. These pieces of apparatus enable researchers to conduct a wide range of small-scale experiments and tests.

The Fundamentals Lab serves as both a teaching and research facility. The lab is used for course lab demonstrations, undergraduate Major Qualifying Projects (MQPs), graduate theses, and sponsored research projects.

Combustion Laboratory

The WPI Combustion Lab was established in 2010 with the aim of advancing our understanding of fundamental explosion and combustion dynamics. The lab features state-of-the-art experimental equipment for investigating a range of phenomena, including laminar and turbulent burning velocity of dust flames (via the Hybrid Flame Analyzer), explosion venting, self-heating (using a hot plate and oven), ignition (using the Cone Calorimeter), and evaporation and combustion of oil slicks in a wave tank.

What sets the WPI Combustion Lab apart is the range of unique experimental platforms designed and constructed within the lab. These platforms support MQPs (Major Qualifying Projects), graduate theses (for MS and PhD students), and industry research. Whether you're a student or a researcher, the WPI Combustion Lab provides an ideal environment for conducting cutting-edge research in combustion and explosion dynamics. 

Classes

FP 520: Fire Modeling

Credits 3.0

Modeling of compartment fire behavior is studied through the use and application of two types of models: zone and field. The zone model studied is a student developed model. The field model studied is FDS. Focus on in-depth understanding of each of these models is the primary objective in terms of needed input, equations solved, interpretation of output and limitations. A working student model is required for successful completion of the course. Basic computational ability is assumed. Basic numerical methods are used and can be learned during the course via independent study.

Prerequisites

FP 521 or permission of the instructor

FP 521: Fire Dynamics I

Credits 3.0

This course introduces students to fundamentals of fire and combustion and is intended to serve as the first exposure to fire dynamics phenomena. The course includes fundamental topics in fire and combustion such as thermodynamics of combustion, fire chemistry, premixed and diffusion flames, solid burning, ignition, plumes, heat release rate curves, and flame spread. These topics are then used to develop the basis for introducing compartment fire behavior, pre- and post-flashover conditions and zone modeling. Basic computational ability is assumed. Basic numerical methods are used and can be learned during the course via independent study.

Prerequisites

Undergraduate chemistry, thermodynamics or physical chemistry, fluid mechanics and heat transfer

FP 553: Fire Protection Systems

Credits 3.0
This course provides an introduction to automatically activated fire suppression and detection systems. A general overview is presented of relevant physical and chemical phenomena, and commonly used hardware in automatic sprinkler, gaseous agent, foam and dry chemical systems. Typical contemporary installations and current installation and approval standards are reviewed.
Prerequisites

Undergraduate courses in chemistry, fluid mechanics and either thermodynamics or physical chemistry

FP 554: Advanced Fire Suppression

Credits 3.0

Advanced topics in suppression systems analysis and design are discussed with an aim toward developing a performance-based understanding of suppression technology. Automatic sprinkler systems are covered from the standpoint of predicting actuation times, reviewing numerical methods for hydraulic analyses of pipe flow networks and understanding the phenomenology involved in water spray suppression. Special suppression systems are covered from the standpoint of two-phase and non-Newtonian pipe flow and simulations of suppression agent discharge and mixing in an enclosure.

FP 555: Detection, Alarm and Smoke Control

Credits 3.0

Principles of fire detection using flame, heat and smoke detector technology are described. Fire alarm technology and the electrical interface with fire/smoke detectors are reviewed in the context of contemporary equipment and installation standards. Smoke control systems based on buoyancy and HVAC principles are studied in the context of building smoke control for survivability and safe egress.

FP 570: Building Fire Safety I

Credits 3.0

This course focuses on the presentation of qualitative and quantitative means for firesafety analysis in buildings. Fire test methods, fire and building codes and standards of practice are reviewed in the context of a systematic review of firesafety in proposed and existing structures.

FP 571: Performance-Based Design

Credits 3.0

This course covers practical applications of fire protection engineering principles to the design of buildings. Both compartmented and non-compartmented buildings will be designed for criteria of life safety, property protection, continuity of operations, operational management and cost. Modern analytical tools as well as traditional codes and standards are utilized. Interaction with architects and code officials, and an awareness of other factors in the building design process are incorporated through design exercises and a design studio.

Prerequisites

FP 553, FP 521 and FP 570, or special permission of the instructor

FP 572: Failure Analysis

Credits 3.0

Development of fire investigation and reconstruction as a basis for evaluating and improving fire-safety design. Accident investigation theory and failure analysis techniques such as fault trees and event sequences are presented. Fire dynamics and computer modeling are applied to assess possible fire scenarios and the effectiveness of fire protection measures. The product liability aspects of failure analysis are presented. Topics include products liability law, use of standard test methods, warnings and safe product design. Application of course materials is developed through projects involving actual case studies.

FP 573: Industrial Fire Protection

Credits 3.0

Principles of fire dynamics, heat transfer and thermodynamics are combined with a general knowledge of automatic detection and suppression systems to analyze fire protection requirements for generic industrial hazards. Topics covered include safe separation distances, plant layout, hazard isolation, smoke control, warehouse storage, and flammable liquid processing and storage. Historic industrial fires influencing current practice on these topics are also discussed.

Prerequisites

FP 553, FP 521 or special permission of the instructor

FP 575: Explosion Protection

Credits 3.0

Principles of combustion explosions are taught along with explosion hazard and protection applications. Topics include a review of flammability limit concentrations for flammable gases and dusts; thermochemical equilibrium calculations of adiabatic closed-vessel deflagration pressures, and detonation pressures and velocities; pressure development as a function of time for closed vessels and vented enclosures; the current status of explosion suppression technology; and vapor cloud explosion hazards.

FP 580: Special Problems

Credits 3.0

Individual or group studies on any topic relating to fire protection may be selected by the student and approved by the faculty member who supervises the work. Examples include: • Business Practices • Combustion • People in Fires • Fire Dynamics II • Fire and Materials • Forensic Techniques • Complex Decision Making

FP 582: Quantitative Risk Analysis

Credits 3.0

This course will cover fundamentals of facility siting studies (FSS), quantitative risk assessments (QRA) and mitigation techniques. The primary objectives are to provide a thorough foundation and knowledge of the inputs, methodologies and typical types of results for FSS and QRAs. It will also provide knowledge of how QRAs can be used to identify and prioritize risk mitigation strategies to make informed and effective risk mitigation decisions. This course is ideal for PSM managers, process safety engineers, facility siting coordinators / SMEs, and anyone involved in the facility siting decision making process.

FP 585: Explosion Dynamics

Credits 3.0

This course will focus on fundamentals of explosions due to the combustion of flammable gas-air mixtures and combustible dust cloud Some generic questions that will be answered in an explosion dynamics context are: 1. How does a flammable mixture of gas or vapor or a suspension of powder or dust particles or droplets form in the industrial processing of these materials? 2. What are gas or dust cloud limits of ignitability, or in other words, what is the range of temperature, pressure, and concentration in which a flame can ignite and propagate? 3. What is the relationship between the flame propagation rate and the associated explosion pressure, and how is it influenced by the combustibility properties of the gas or dust cloud? 4. How does the “rate-of-pressure-rise” affect the overall explosion hazard and the viability of various explosion protection measures? 5. How does pressure development within the flammable gas or combustible dust cloud relate to the blast wave pressures propagating away from the cloud and away from the equipment in which the explosion originated? The course explains the physical and thermochemical phenomena pertinent to these questions and provides a mathematical framework for characterizing and applying the answers.

FP 588: Practical Explosion Analysis: Case Studies in Energy Industry

Credits 3.0

This course will focus on new and renewable energy technologies, hydrogen, battery storage, electrical arc explosions, and transformer safety. Tailored for professionals navigating the evolving energy landscape, this course explores the fundamentals of explosions in unique applications in renewable energy facilities and the challenges posed by electrical arc explosions. The course is case study driven, where the lecturers will provide 5 – 6 in-depth case studies related to electrical arc explosions, explosions in batteries, hydrogen, and geothermal energy and explosion risks in space. Compliance measures are explored with a specific lens on the regulatory landscape governing these cutting-edge technologies. Practical components include emergency response planning, ensuring the safety and resilience of renewable energy assets, and addressing transformer explosion risks. Geared towards engineers, safety professionals, and managers in the energy industry, this course teaches participants to master explosion analysis and risk management tailored to the nuanced challenges of new energy technologies, including electrical arc explosions and transformer safety.